Newer server motherboards may have multiple network interfaces built-in. The low cost and ubiquity of the Ethernet standard means that most new computers have a network interface controller built into the motherboard. Network controllers were originally implemented as expansion cards that plugged into a computer bus. The lower right-most card is an early wireless network card, and the central card with partial beige plastic cover is a PSTN modem. Modern network interface controllers offer advanced features such as interrupt and DMA interfaces to the host processors, support for multiple receive and transmit queues, partitioning into multiple logical interfaces, and on-controller network traffic processing such as the TCP offload engine.ġ2 early ISA 8 bit and 16 bit PC network cards. The low cost and ubiquity of the Ethernet standard means that most newer computers have a network interface built into the motherboard, or is contained into a USB-connected dongle. Įarly network interface controllers were commonly implemented on expansion cards that plugged into a computer bus. A network interface controller ( NIC, also known as a network interface card, network adapter, LAN adapter or physical network interface, and by similar terms) is a computer hardware component that connects a computer to a computer network.
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